These six types of people are more likely to suffer from diabetes and should pay special attention to blood sugar.
It is a pre-disease state between normal blood glucose and diabetes. Study on the incidence and influencing factors of prediabetes in Chinese adults. "the incidence of impaired glucose tolerance in Chinese adults is 16.4 × 1000 person-years, while the incidence of impaired fasting blood glucose is even higher. The study found that the following six categories of people are prone to prediabetes: (1) people aged 50 with ≥ (2) overweight / obese (3) patients with hypertension (4) patients with abnormal blood lipids (5) inactivity (6) those with a family history of diabetes. In addition, age ≥ 50, family history of diabetes, overweight, obesity and hypertension increased the risk of impaired fasting blood glucose by 31%, 71%, 41%, 1-fold and 53%, respectively. Ren Qian, deputy director of endocrinology at the people's Hospital of Peking University, told the Health Times in 2018 that the surrounding tissue would become less sensitive to the hypoglycemic effect of insulin.
Pre-diabetes is a pre-disease state between normal blood glucose and diabetes, and it is also one of the risk factors of diabetes.
A recent study on the incidence and influencing factors of prediabetes in Chinese adults published in the Chinese Journal of Epidemiology shows that the incidence of impaired glucose tolerance in Chinese adults is 16.4 × 1000 person-years, and the incidence of impaired fasting blood glucose is even higher. It is 7.3 pm 1000 person-years.
The study found that the following six categories of people are prone to prediabetes:
(1) those aged ≥ 50 years old
(2) overweight / obese
(3) patients with hypertension
(4) abnormal blood lipids.
(5) lack of physical activity
(6) people with family history of diabetes
In addition, age ≥ 50, family history of diabetes, overweight, obesity and hypertension increased the risk of impaired fasting blood glucose by 31%, 71%, 41%, 100% and 53%, respectively. twelve
Why are they more prone to problems?
1. People over the age of 50: the body is gradually aging
Ren Qian, deputy chief physician of the Endocrinology Department of the people's Hospital of Peking University, said in an interview with the Health Times in 2018 that with the increase of age, the surrounding tissue will become less sensitive to the hypoglycemic effect of insulin, that is, insulin resistance; secondly, with age, the proportion of body fat increases, it is more likely to be obese, and it is more likely to develop diabetes. In addition, older diabetics have less physical activity, which in turn reduces the effective use of glucose in surrounding tissues and increases the risk of diabetes.
Therefore, it is recommended that people over the age of 40 should go to the hospital for a physical examination once a year to detect diabetes as soon as possible and carry out treatment. three
two。 Obese people: abdominal obesity is more likely to insulin resistance
Qu Shen, director of the Endocrine and Metabolism Center of the Tenth people's Hospital in Shanghai, said in an interview with the Health Times in 2019 that abdominal obesity is more harmful and can lead to insulin resistance and metabolic problems such as hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, namely metabolic syndrome.
It is recommended that the waistline should be & lt;90 cm for men and & lt;85 cm for women. four
3. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia: the pathogenesis of "three high" is similar.
Hypertension coexists with hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia because their pathogenesis is similar, including overweight, unhealthy diet, less exercise and other factors.
Ren Qian, deputy chief physician of the Endocrinology Department of the people's Hospital of Peking University, said in an interview with the Health Times in 2018 that about 30% of patients with type 2 diabetes in China's outpatients have high blood pressure. The coexistence of diabetes and hypertension not only increases the risk of occurrence and progression of cardiovascular diseases, but also increases the mortality of patients with diabetes. On the contrary, the control of hypertension can significantly reduce the risk of the occurrence and development of diabetic complications. Of course, high blood pressure can also occur before diabetes occurs. three
4. Family history of diabetes: diabetes is a polygenic genetic disease
In an interview with the Health Times in 2018, Dr. Ren Qian said, "Diabetes is a polygenetic disease with both dominant and recessive inheritance. If parents and previous generations have type 2 diabetes, their children are significantly more likely to develop the disease than those with no family history. " The specific risk assessment can be estimated by the diabetes risk score table. three
Develop 5 small habits, more beneficial to blood sugar health!
1. Move, exercise some muscle is the best "hypoglycemic drug"
Lu Yingli, chief physician of the Endocrinology Department of the Ninth people's Hospital affiliated to the Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, said in an article in the Health Times in 2017 that sugar friends can reduce blood sugar with the help of muscle, which can not only prevent and treat diabetes, but also is safe and effective.
Many patients in the blood sugar instability, will use exercise, many sugar friends through mountain climbing, running and other ways to gradually stabilize blood sugar, in fact, this is the role of their own muscles to reduce blood sugar. five
two。 If you stay away from high blood sugar, you have to eat thicker.
If you want to stay away from high blood sugar, eat thicker. Xing Xiaoyan, director of the Endocrinology Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, suggested in an article in the Health Times in 2017 that the choice of staple foods should be thick rather than fine. When buying noodles, choose whole wheat instead of white noodles; when buying rice, choose brown rice instead of refined rice. Eat less refined white rice noodles and appropriately increase the proportion of coarse foods such as miscellaneous grains, mixed beans and potatoes in staple food. six
3. Each of us has economical genes, and our diet should be "simple".
Each of us has a saving gene, and after "from frugality to extravagance", we are more likely to be obese and diabetic.
Shan Zhongyan, director of the Endocrinology Department of the first affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, said in the Health Times in 2010 that when people eat bran pharynx, some of the body's genes (known as "saving genes") will make the best use of these raw materials to absorb nutrients. Now, when living standards have improved and essential changes have taken place in the diet, this saving gene is still open, so when a large number of highly nutritious foods enter the human body, they are still fully absorbed, coupled with the reduction of modern people's activities. nutrients are not fully consumed, so resulting in excess nutrition, elevated blood sugar, diabetes is very easy to occur. seven
4. Good blood sugar is inseparable from what to eat and how to eat.
How to eat is also important for good blood sugar. According to the Chinese Dietary guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes, observational studies have shown that eating speed is positively correlated with body mass index and waist circumference, and that chewing slowly and eating slowly can reduce the risk of diabetes.
In addition, eating according to the order of vegetables-meat-staple food can reduce the fluctuation of postprandial blood sugar. eight
5. Learn to decompress yourself. Sleep and stress have a great influence on blood sugar.
Don't underestimate the effect of sleep on blood sugar. Mother Yiming, chief physician of the Endocrinology Department of the first Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, said in an interview with the Health Times in 2014 that human hormones have their own rules of change, and these hormones will be in a state of stress when they do not sleep or are stressed, leading to changes in hormone levels. These hormone levels are antagonistic to insulin and can upset the balance with insulin for a long time, leading to disorders of fat metabolism, blood sugar metabolism and neuroimmune system, which may lead to diabetes. nine
This article synthesizes from:
① Zhang Xin, et al. Study on the incidence and influencing factors of prediabetes in Chinese adults. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, 2022, 43 (10): 1582-1589.
② 2022-11-13 China Circulation Journal "these six categories of people are prone to prediabetes!" Intermediate control research. "
③ 2018-12-04 Health Times "four types of people are prone to Diabetes"
④ 2019-10-22 Health Times "Northeast and Northwest a lot of" penguin fat "! "
⑤ 2017-02-24 Health Times "Sugar Friends should have" well-developed limbs "
⑥ 2017-07-04 Health Times "Sugar Friends Life" five points "
⑦ 2010-12-27 Health Times "from frugality to extravagance is more likely to get chronic diseases"
⑧ Diabetes Nutrition working Group of Chinese Nutrition Association. Chinese Dietary guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its interpretation [J]. Journal of Nutrition, 2017, 39 (6): 9.
⑨ 2014-08-18 Health Times "stress leads to Diabetes"
Source: health Times