The latest release! The diagnostic threshold of hypertension in China is lowered, or more people are diagnosed with hypertension.
Intervention and treatment should be carried out as soon as possible after the diagnosis of hypertension to stabilize the blood pressure and avoid complications. It also means that more people will be diagnosed with high blood pressure. The latter, as the name implies, hypertension is caused by other diseases, kidney disease, aortic stenosis, proaldehyde disease, pheochromocytoma and other diseases, as well as some drugs can lead to hypertension. About 30% to 50% of patients with hypertension have a genetic background, and people with a family history of hypertension should pay more attention to blood pressure monitoring and life regulation. Will increase the risk of high blood pressure. This group of people are also more likely to develop high blood pressure. The blood pressure of the above high-risk groups should be measured regularly, and the specific drugs should be individually selected by professional doctors according to the physical conditions of the patients. Life conditioning is also an essential link in the treatment of hypertension, and exercise is also an indispensable part of controlling blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Patients should choose different exercise methods according to their own blood pressure levels.
Hypertension is a common and high-incidence chronic disease, which mainly refers to the increase of systemic arterial blood pressure, which can lead to cardiovascular disease, multiple organ function or organic damage, and even death. According to epidemiological data, there are as many as 1 up to 3 adults in the world suffering from hypertension, while there are about 245 million patients with hypertension in China, and the incidence is increasing and getting younger.
To judge hypertension, the most intuitive way is to measure blood pressure, and after the diagnosis of hypertension as early as possible intervention and treatment, so as to stabilize blood pressure and avoid complications.
On the morning of November 13th, the guidelines for Clinical practice of Hypertension in China was officially released. After discussion by experts, the diagnostic threshold of adult hypertension in China was lowered from ≥ 140mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg to systolic blood pressure ≥ 130mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mmHg.
In other words, the scope of hypertension diagnosis has been expanded, which means that more people will be diagnosed with high blood pressure.
So, who is prone to high blood pressure?
Hypertension is divided into essential hypertension and secondary hypertension, the latter as its name implies, hypertension is caused by other diseases, renal substantive disease, aortic stenosis, protoaldoxis, pheochromocytoma and other diseases as well as some drugs can lead to hypertension. The specific cause of essential hypertension is not clear, more than 90% of patients with hypertension belong to this type.
Although the cause is not clear, essential hypertension is also related to some factors.
1. HeredityAbout 30% to 50% of patients with hypertension have a genetic background, and people with a family history of hypertension should pay more attention to blood pressure monitoring and life regulation.
two。 Living habitsIt mainly refers to bad eating habits, including high-salt, high-fat diet, smoking and alcohol abuse, which can increase the risk of high blood pressure.
3. Spirit and environmentLong-term bad emotions, such as tension, anxiety, depression, and bad visual stimulation can also cause hypertension.
4. AgeThe older the age, the higher the incidence of hypertension, but it does not mean that hypertension will only occur in the middle-aged and elderly.
5. ObesityThat is, people with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 24, especially abdominal obesity, are more likely to develop high blood pressure.
The above high-risk groups should measure their blood pressure regularly and pay more attention to the regulation of life than others, so as to achieve early prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment of hypertension.
What if I get high blood pressure?
Diagnosis of hypertension can be based on home blood pressure monitoring, clinic blood pressure measurement and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. the new guidelines recommend giving priority to 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, but if high blood pressure data such as sphygmomanometer are used at home, you should also go to the hospital immediately to make a clear diagnosis.
At present, the treatment of hypertension is mainly drug treatment, and specific drugs need to be individualized by professional doctors according to the physical conditions of patients. In the course of treatment, patients need to strictly follow the doctor's orders to take medicine, and regularly revisit and adjust the treatment plan in time, but do not stop the drug or increase or decrease the drug dose privately, otherwise it can lead to blood pressure fluctuations, other complications and even life-threatening.
In addition, life conditioning is also an essential part of the treatment of hypertension. The new guidelines recommend diet intervention, exercise intervention, decompression intervention, weight loss intervention, smoking and alcohol restriction and comprehensive lifestyle intervention for all patients with high blood pressure.
Specifically, it is recommended that patients with hypertension use low sodium salt instead of common salt, control their daily sodium intake to less than 2000 mg (that is, 5 grams of sodium chloride), reduce fat intake, and stop smoking and drinking. Obese people should lose weight under the guidance of nutrition doctors.
Exercise is also an indispensable part of controlling blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Patients should choose different exercise methods according to their own blood pressure levels, while aerobic exercise is the first-line physical activity of patients with hypertension. According to the European consensus document on personalized exercise prescriptions for the prevention and treatment of hypertension, aerobic exercise can help patients with hypertension reduce their average systolic blood pressure by 4.9 to 12.0 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 3.4 to 5.8 mmHg.
Common aerobics include swimming, jogging, cycling, aerobics and so on.
The second-line exercise includes isometric training (weight-bearing squat, lying push, clean and jerk, etc.) and isometric training (plate support, static belly rolling) and so on.
The guidelines recommend that hypertensive patients with systolic blood pressure < 160 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg do moderate or high-intensity aerobic exercise 5-7 days a week, 30-60 minutes each time, and resistance exercises 2-3 times a week. If the physical condition can not be completed, patients are also advised to increase their physical activities as much as possible.
Finally, patients with hypertension are required to maintain a stable psychological state as far as possible, reduce mental stress, and avoid mood swings and negative emotions.
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