The diagnostic criteria of hypertension have changed! Many people already have high blood pressure, but they don't know it yet.

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Previously, blood pressure ≥ 140pm 90 mm Hg has always been the diagnostic standard of hypertension. The diagnostic criteria for hypertension in adults have been lowered, and the guidelines will modify the diagnostic criteria for hypertension to ≥ 130mm Hg. "otherwise, we will miss the critical opportunity to reduce the harm of cardiovascular and other diseases caused by hypertension, and the diagnostic threshold for adult hypertension will be lowered from 140 pm 90 mm Hg to 130 pm 80 mm Hg." according to the new standard, it is estimated that the number of adult hypertensive patients in China will exceed 600 million. The new ③ guidelines recommend that patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease actively initiate antihypertensive therapy. The Chinese Clinical practice Guide on Hypertension aims at blood pressure reduction targets for different populations, 1. Take a quiet rest for 3-5 minutes before doing a good blood pressure monitoring. Avoid strenuous exercise, drinking, caffeinated drinks and smoking 30 minutes before blood pressure is measured. Upper arm blood pressure should be measured when blood pressure is measured for the first time.

Wake up one night, a lot of people have high blood pressure? Previously, blood pressure ≥ 140pm 90 mm Hg has always been the diagnostic standard of hypertension.

The guidelines for Clinical practice of Hypertension in China issued on November 13th lowered the diagnostic criteria for hypertension in adults, changing the original 140 mm Hg to 80 mm Hg in ≥ 130 swap.

After the standard was lowered, many people who were in the previous critical value became high blood pressure!

Why have the diagnostic criteria of hypertension changed?

Professor Zhao Dong, director of the Epidemiology Research Office of Beijing Anzhen Hospital, said at an online press conference on November 13, "this guide modifies the diagnostic criteria of hypertension to ≥ 130max 80mm Hg, which is not only supported by sufficient international and domestic evidence-based medicine, but also young and middle-aged people with blood pressure levels of 130,139mm Hg and / or 80-89mm Hg. Lowering the diagnostic criteria reflects the concept of moving the line of defense forward and strengthening initial prevention, otherwise we will miss the key opportunity to reduce the harm of cardiovascular and other diseases caused by hypertension. " one

How does the person with blood pressure 130max 80mm 140max 90 do?

The diagnostic threshold for hypertension in adults has been lowered from 140 mm Hg to 130 mm Hg, which means that some people suddenly become hypertensive. According to the new standard, it is estimated that the number of adults with hypertension in China will exceed 600 million, compared with the previous estimate of 245 million.

"I think more young and middle-aged patients may be diagnosed [after the implementation of the new standard]." Hu Dayi, chief physician in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Peking University, was interviewed by the Daily Economic News on November 13. At present, there are many young patients with hypertension in China, and the related unhealthy lifestyles include lack of exercise, heavy drinking, unhealthy diet, obesity and so on. two

However, Professor Hu Dayi said that for young and middle-aged patients with hypertension whose blood pressure is between 130 mm Hg and 140 mm Hg, it is not recommended to take drugs immediately, but to adopt five prescriptions to effectively control hypertension, that is, drug prescriptions, exercise prescriptions, nutrition prescriptions, mental, psychological and sleep prescriptions, and prescriptions for quitting smoking and alcohol. two

Guo Yifang, vice president of Hebei Provincial people's Hospital, said in an interview with the 21st Century Economic report on November 13 that although it is predicted that there will be 600 million more patients, only 22% of them need medication, and most of them do not need to take medicine. Blood pressure can be restored to the ideal range only through active lifestyle intervention, such as controlling diet, losing weight and increasing muscle, eating less salt, quitting smoking and drinking, and so on. three

The new guidelines recommend that cardiovascular high-risk patients actively start antihypertensive drug therapy, low-risk patients can carry out lifestyle intervention for 3-6 months, if the blood pressure is still not up to standard, antihypertensive drug therapy can be initiated. four

Manage high blood pressure

The new guide gives these practical suggestions!

The new edition of the "Chinese Clinical practice Guide on Hypertension" has made important adjustments to the goal of reducing blood pressure in different populations. We have summarized seven points that we are more concerned about:

1. Persist in monitoring blood pressure

Rest quietly for 3-5 minutes before measuring blood pressure. Avoid strenuous exercise, alcohol, caffeinated drinks and smoking 30 minutes before taking blood pressure.

When measuring, sit on a chair with a backrest with your feet flat on the ground and do not cross your legs. The upper arm is placed flat on the table and the center of the sphygmomanometer cuff is kept at the same level as the heart.

When measuring blood pressure for the first time, the blood pressure of both upper arms should be measured, and the side with high blood pressure shall prevail.

It is recommended to measure blood pressure once a day in the morning and once in the evening. For patients with hypertension, it is recommended to measure blood pressure in the morning before taking medicine, before breakfast, and after emptying the bladder. It is recommended that blood pressure be measured at night before dinner, and within 1 hour before going to bed if conditions do not permit.

At least 2 consecutive blood pressure readings were obtained each time, with an interval of 1-2 minutes. If the difference between the first and second blood pressure readings is more than 10 mm Hg, it is recommended to measure the third time and take the average of the latter two readings. four

two。 Replace common salt with low sodium salt

The guidelines point out that excessive sodium intake and insufficient potassium intake is one of the important risk factors for hypertension.

Low sodium: it is recommended that the daily salt intake per person should not exceed 5 grams, and low sodium salt can be used. The results of a Chinese-based SSaSS study showed that compared with common salt, the low-sodium substitute salt (about 75% sodium chloride and 25% potassium chloride) diet reduced the risk of stroke by 14%, the major cardiovascular risk by 13%, and the risk of death from all causes by 12%.

Potassium: eat more potassium-rich foods, including fresh fruits and vegetables, low-fat dairy products, nuts and soy products. four

Table from "Dietary guidelines for Chinese residents 2016" ⑤

3. Try the DASH diet.

DASH diet is a diet model designed for hypertension, the core is high calcium, high potassium, high magnesium, high dietary fiber, limit saturated fatty acids, ensure the abundance of unsaturated fatty acids, limit sugary drinks and sweets, and reduce salt intake.

Li Haiyan, chief nurse of the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of the PLA General Hospital, published an article in the Health Times in July 2021, suggesting that for Chinese people, the dietary model of hypertension can be used for reference. In the diet:

Cereals can choose whole wheat pasta, oats, brown rice, reduce or avoid fine rice noodles, pastries, sweets, fried foods

Meat can be eaten with lean pork, beef and mutton, skinless poultry (chicken, duck and goose), fish (deep sea fish, such as salmon), shrimp and eggs.

Eat fruit instead of processed into fruit juices or sweetened drinks

Vegetables can be selected from spinach, celery, oil and wheat, cabbage and other seasonal vegetables.

Dairy products can be selected as fat-free or nonfat, low-fat dairy products

Pay attention to calories when eating nuts, choose small portions and no salt

Oil can choose rapeseed oil, olive oil, corn oil, reduce or avoid lard, cream, butter intake. six

4. At least 30 minutes of aerobic exercise every day

The new guidelines recommend that hypertensive patients with blood pressure < 160pm 100 mm Hg do moderate or high-intensity aerobic exercise for 30-60 minutes, 5-7 days a week, and do resistance exercises 2-3 times a week.

During exercise, you should pay attention to avoid bowing your head and holding your breath. Patients with hypertension who are unable to complete the above recommended amount due to physical reasons should increase as much physical activity as possible according to their own conditions.

Earlier, Europe issued a consensus document on personalized exercise prescriptions for the prevention and treatment of hypertension, recommending aerobic exercise as a first-line physical activity for patients with hypertension, which can help reduce average systolic blood pressure by 4.9-12.0 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure by 3.4-5.8 mm Hg. seven

5. Control your weight and waistline

The guidelines point out that overweight and obesity are important risk factors for hypertension. The best goal is to achieve the ideal weight with a body mass index of 18.5kg / m2 and 23.9kg / m2, with a waist circumference of & lt;90 cm for men and lt;80 cm for women.

When controlling weight, it is recommended to limit daily calories ≤ 500kcal to 750kcal, exercise mode to choose moderate to high intensity aerobic exercise, 30-60 minutes a day, 5-7 days / week, reaching 60% of the maximum heart rate. 90%. four

6. Be sure to give up smoking and limit alcohol

Do not smoke, completely quit smoking, avoid passive smoking. If drinking, reduce alcohol intake, male ≤ 20g / day, female ≤ 10g / day, it is best to abstain from alcohol. The safest alcohol consumption for ④ is 0, that is, no alcohol.

7. Reduce stress in your life.

The tense rhythm of work and life, great mental pressure, emotional excitement, anxiety, and often staying up late at overtime will lead to abnormal regulation of the nervous system and hormone levels in the human body, resulting in faster heartbeat and increased vascular tension. this is another common cause of elevated blood pressure. eight

The new guidelines recommend breathing slowly and regularly every day before going to bed (preferably with professional breathing equipment), with a target breathing rate of 15 lt;10 = "" & gt;40 minutes. four

The diagnostic criteria of hypertension have changed! Many people already have high blood pressure, but they don't know it yet.

In addition, meditate for 20 minutes twice a day, and do yoga for 30 minutes a day, three days a week, which can also help reduce stress. four

This article synthesizes from:

① 2022-11-13 People's Daily Health client & lt; China Hypertension Clinical practice Guide & gt; release, Hypertension Diagnostic criteria revised to ≥ 130pm 80 mm Hg

② 2022-11-14 Daily Economic News "I suddenly have high blood pressure", a new standard for high blood pressure has been released, experts: more young and middle-aged patients may be diagnosed! "

③ 2022-11-14 21st Century Economics report "Adjustment of Diagnostic criteria,"waking up overnight" more than 300 million new patients with hypertension in China? "

④ National Cardiovascular Center, et al. Guidelines for Clinical practice of Hypertension in China

Https://rs.yiigle.com/yufabiao/1432110.htm

⑤ Chinese Nutrition Society. Dietary guidelines for Chinese residents 2016

⑥ 2021-07-30 Health Times Nutrition prescription for patients with chronic Diseases

⑦ Personalized exercise prescription in the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension: a Consensus Document from the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) and the ESC Council on Hypertension

⑧ 2021-11-01 Guo Yifang Heart Frontier "how does hypertension occur? Pay attention to these ten reasons! "

Source: health Times