Chinese citizens health literacy 66 articles, Do this More healthy

Health literacy refers to an individual's ability to access and understand basic health information and services and to use them to make sound decisions to maintain and promote one's health. Come learn and understand the 66 rules of health literacy together~

Basic knowledge and concepts

1. Health is not just the absence of disease or infirmity, but a state of physical, mental and social well-being.

Everyone has the responsibility to maintain their own health and the health of others, and a healthy lifestyle can maintain and promote their own health.

3. The environment is closely related to health, and protecting the environment promotes health.

4. Donating blood for free helps others and helps oneself.

5. Everyone should care for, help and not discriminate against the sick and disabled.

6. Have regular health check-ups.

7. Normal blood pressure for adults is systolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg and & lt; 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 60 mmHg and & lt; 90 mmHg; axillary body temperature 36 ℃ ~ 37 ℃; calm breathing 16 ~ 20 times / min; heart rate 60 ~ 100 times / min.

8. Vaccination is the most effective and economical measure to prevent some infectious diseases, and children should be vaccinated according to immunization planning procedures after birth.

9. Vaccination against influenza before the influenza epidemic season can reduce the chance of getting influenza or alleviate the symptoms after getting influenza.

10. AIDS, hepatitis B and hepatitis C are transmitted through blood, sexual contact and mother-to-child transmission, but not through daily life and work contact.

11. Tuberculosis is mainly transmitted through droplet nuclei generated by patients' coughing, sneezing and loud talking.

12. Adhering to standard treatment, the vast majority of tuberculosis patients can be cured and drug-resistant tuberculosis can be effectively prevented.

13. In schistosomiasis endemic areas, contact with infected water should be avoided as much as possible; after contact with infected water, timely examination or preventive treatment should be received.

14. Domestic dogs and cats should be vaccinated against rabies; after a person is scratched or bitten by a dog or cat, the wound should be flushed immediately and anti-rabies immunoglobulin (or serum) and rabies vaccine should be injected as soon as possible.

15. Mosquitoes, flies, rats, cockroaches, etc. Can spread diseases.

16. Report the discovery of sick or dead livestock, do not process or eat sick or dead livestock, and do not eat wild animals under national protection.

17. Pay attention to changes in blood pressure, control the risk factors of hypertension, and learn disease self-management for patients with hypertension.

18. Pay attention to changes in blood sugar, control risk factors of diabetes, and patients with diabetes should strengthen self-management.

19. Actively participate in cancer screening for early detection of cancer and precancerous lesions.

20. Everyone can have depression and anxiety, and correctly understand depression and anxiety.

21. Care for the elderly, prevent falls and identify dementia in old age.

twenty-two。 Choose safe and efficient contraceptive measures, reduce abortion, and care for women's reproductive health.

23. Health food is not medicine, and the correct choice of health food.

24. Workers should understand the hazards in their jobs and working environment, follow the operating procedures and pay attention to personal protection to avoid occupational injuries.

25. Workers engaged in toxic and harmful jobs enjoy the right to occupational protection.

Healthy lifestyle and behavior

twenty-six。 Healthy lifestyle mainly includes four aspects: reasonable diet, moderate exercise, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction, and psychological balance.

twenty-seven。 Maintain normal weight and avoid overweight and obesity.

twenty-eight。 Diet should be mainly cereals, more vegetables, fruits and potatoes, and pay attention to the meat and vegetable, coarse and fine combination.

twenty-nine。 Promote daily consumption of milk, beans and their products.

thirty。 The diet should be light, with less oil and salt, and consume qualified iodized salt.

thirty-one。 Pay attention to drinking water hygiene, and drink an appropriate amount of water every day.

thirty-two。 Store and process raw and cooked food separately, wash raw vegetables and fruits, and do not eat food that has deteriorated or exceeded its shelf life.

thirty-three。 Adults should take 6 to 10000 steps of physical activity every day, moving is beneficial, it is important to adhere to.

thirty-four。 Smoking and secondhand smoke exposure can lead to cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and many other diseases, the average life expectancy of smokers than non-smokers at least 10 years.

thirty-five。 "Low-tar cigarettes" and "herbal cigarettes" do not reduce the harm caused by smoking, but rather tend to induce smoking and influence smokers to quit.

thirty-six。 Any age can benefit from quitting smoking, and the earlier you quit, the better, smoking cessation clinics can provide professional smoking cessation services.

thirty-seven。 Drink less alcohol, do not abuse alcohol, and need medical professional guidance to quit.

thirty-eight。 Use addictive drugs such as sedative-hypnotics and analgesics as prescribed by your doctor to prevent drug dependence.

thirty-nine。 Refuse drugs.

forty。 Combine work and rest, and ensure 7-8 hours of sleep every day.

forty-one。 You should pay attention to and maintain your mental health, and seek help when you encounter psychological problems.

forty-two。 Wash your hands regularly, bathe often, brush your teeth in the morning and evening, rinse your mouth after meals, and do not share towels and toiletries.

forty-three。 According to the weather and air quality, open windows and keep indoor air circulation.

forty-four。 Do not smoke or spit in public places, and cover your nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing.

forty-five。 Use sanitary toilets in rural areas and manage human and animal waste.

forty-six。 Seek medical treatment scientifically, consult a doctor in time, follow medical advice and treat the results rationally.

forty-seven。 Use medication reasonably, not injecting orally, not infusing, and using antibiotics under the guidance of doctors.

forty-eight。 Wear helmets, wear seat belts, do not speed, do not drink and drive, do not drive fatigue, reduce road traffic injuries.

forty-nine。 Strengthen care, avoid children close to dangerous waters, to prevent drowning.

fifty。 Pay attention to ventilation in winter heating and prevent gas poisoning.

fifty-one。 Take the initiative to receive premarital and preconception health care, and receive at least five prenatal checkups during pregnancy and hospital delivery.

fifty-two。 Start breastfeeding as early as possible after the birth of your child, and add complementary foods reasonably when the child is 6 months old.

fifty-three。 Promote early child development through parent-child communication and play, and intervene early when psychological and behavioral developmental problems are detected.

fifty-four。 Adolescents are in a critical period of physical and mental development, so they should develop healthy behavioral lifestyles, prevent myopia, overweight and obesity, and avoid Internet addiction and premature sexual behavior.

Basic Skills

fifty-five。 Pay attention to health information and be able to access, understand, screen and apply health information.

fifty-six。 Be able to read and understand labels and instructions of food, drugs and health products.

fifty-seven。 Can identify common hazard signs such as high pressure, flammable, explosive, highly toxic, radioactive, biosafety, etc. And stay away from hazards.

fifty-eight。 Can measure pulse and axillary body temperature.

fifty-nine。 Will use condoms correctly to reduce the risk of contracting AIDS and STDs and to prevent unwanted pregnancy.

sixty。 Store and use pesticides and other toxic substances properly to prevent children from coming into contact with them.

sixty-one。 Call 120 when seeking emergency medical assistance and 12320 when seeking health consultation services.

sixty-two。 In case of trauma with heavy bleeding, stop bleeding and bandage immediately; do not move the injured person with suspected fracture easily.

sixty-three。 When encountering a casualty with respiratory or cardiac arrest, perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

sixty-four。 When rescuing an electrocution victim, first cut off the power supply, do not directly touch the electrocution victim.

sixty-five。 In case of fire, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel and escape in a low position; call the fire alarm number 119.

sixty-six。 When an earthquake occurs, choose the correct way to avoid the earthquake, and immediately after the earthquake to carry out self-help and mutual rescue.

Source: Jilin 12320